When Borders Dissolve in the Pursuit of Justice

Arrests carried out in two countries for a crime committed in a third demonstrate what cooperation can achieve when it truly matters. Police services from different nations worked together as though borders simply did not exist. This wasn’t a stroke of luck — it was the result of years of trust built between people who may never have met face to face. In Freemasonry, we recognize this pattern immediately: Brothers from different Lodges and countries share a bond that transcends national identity. The real question is: how can you apply this same principle in your own sphere of influence?

Brotherhood Begins with a Choice

The word “brotherhood” may sound old-fashioned to some, but its meaning is timeless. It has nothing to do with blood ties or nationality. Brotherhood is the conscious decision to see another human being as your equal — someone whose fate is bound to your own. After violent events, we typically witness two responses: people who retreat into fear and suspicion, or people who reach out a hand. The Freemason always chooses the second path.

True brotherhood does not emerge despite our differences — it emerges because we choose to rise above those differences through shared values.

Three Practical Steps Toward Connection

How do you translate the ideal of brotherhood into daily action? Freemasonry doesn’t deal in abstract theory — it offers practical tools. Here are three steps you can put into practice today:

Listen without judgment. When someone shares an opinion that makes you uncomfortable, resist the urge to react. Instead, ask about the experiences behind it. Brotherhood begins with understanding.

Offer help before it’s requested. Pay attention to who around you is struggling and take the initiative. A true Brother doesn’t wait until someone’s need becomes visible to everyone.

Speak out against injustice, even when it costs you nothing personally. The silence of good people only amplifies the violence of the wicked.

The Lodge as a Training Ground for the World

Inside a Masonic Lodge, people meet who might never cross paths in ordinary life. The physician sits beside the carpenter, the agnostic beside the believer, the conservative beside the progressive. This is no accident — it is a deliberately created practice space. Here, Brothers learn that difference is not a threat. The rituals and symbols serve as a common language that unites what the outside world divides.

The philosopher Voltaire, himself a Freemason, understood this principle deeply. His passionate advocacy for tolerance was not born of naivety but of the clear-eyed recognition that a society which turns its citizens against one another ultimately destroys itself. The Lodge offers an antidote: a place where you practice seeing the humanity in the other person.

From Tragedy to Transformation

The death of a police officer is a tragedy that sends ripples through families, communities, and entire nations. But every tragedy carries within it the seed of transformation. The question is not whether we are affected by violence and injustice — of course we are. The question is how we respond. Do we choose retaliation or restoration? Isolation or connection?

Freemasonry teaches that building is always harder than tearing down. A cathedral takes generations to complete; a bomb takes seconds. Building brotherhood requires patience, consistency, and the willingness to endure setbacks. But the result is more enduring than any wall or border ever built.

Your Role in the Greater Work

You don’t need to be a Freemason to live by these principles. Brotherhood is not the exclusive property of any organization. It is a human capacity that lies dormant in every one of us. The international cooperation behind the arrests proves that people from different countries and backgrounds can work together effectively when they recognize a shared purpose. What if we applied that same principle to our neighborhoods, workplaces, and families?

Start small. Greet the neighbor you normally walk past. Ask a colleague how they’re really doing. Get involved in a local initiative. Every act of connection is a stone laid in the invisible temple of human brotherhood. And every stone counts.

The arrests following the tragic death in Brussels remind us that cooperation works — and that borders can be bridged when people share a common purpose. Freemasonry invites you to extend this principle beyond policing and international justice into your own life. Brotherhood is not an abstract ideal. It is a daily practice that begins with the choice to see the other person as part of yourself. What will you do today to strengthen that connection?

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A Philosopher’s Prayer for All Humanity

Voltaire did not address his prayer to the god of any single religion. Instead, he directed it to the Supreme Being who might unite all people. “You did not give us hearts to hate one another,” he wrote, “nor hands to murder one another.” These words grew from his deep revulsion toward religious fanaticism. The Calas affair — in which an innocent Protestant father was wrongfully sentenced to death — had shaken him to the core. His prayer was no theological treatise; it was a cry from the heart for human dignity.

For Voltaire, tolerance was never passive acceptance. It was an active, deliberate choice. He acknowledged that human beings naturally differ in their beliefs, their languages, and their customs. But rather than viewing those differences as obstacles, he saw them as expressions of the same human spirit seeking meaning in its own way. His prayer does not ask for uniformity of thought — it asks for equality of being.

The Masonic Perspective: Ritual and Brotherly Connection

When a Freemason enters the lodge, he leaves behind his social rank, his political convictions, and his particular religious denomination. Inside, men meet as brothers, united by shared values rather than divided by their differences. Freemasonry prescribes no dogma about how the Supreme Being should be understood. It asks only that its members acknowledge something greater than the individual ego.

This openness is not weakness — it is a conscious commitment to connection over division. The rituals of the lodge remind every brother that he is rough material in need of shaping. The symbolism of the rough ashlar being worked into a perfect cube speaks of inner growth that is only possible when one is willing to listen to others. Just as the square and compasses set boundaries and measure proportions, so the Freemason learns to temper his judgments and open his heart.

Where Voltaire and the Craft Converge

Voltaire’s prayer and the practice of Freemasonry spring from the same source: the recognition that humanity is one family, despite all apparent differences. Voltaire composed his prayer from the study of an intellectual who had witnessed the madness of intolerance firsthand. Freemasons experience that same truth within the sacred space of the lodge, where ritual continually reminds them of their shared humanity.

Tolerance is not a concession to weakness — it is the highest expression of strength: the courage to see in the other a mirror of yourself.

Both traditions recognize that genuine tolerance begins with self-reflection. Voltaire understood that those who condemn others for their beliefs have seldom examined their own prejudices. Freemasonry translates this insight into practice: every brother is invited to contemplate his own rough edges in silence before passing judgment on another. The result is not moral relativism, but a more deeply rooted certainty about what truly matters.

Symbolism as a Bridge Between Thought and Action

Voltaire used words to convey his message. Freemasonry uses symbols. Yet both serve the same purpose: making the inexpressible tangible. The light that is kindled in the lodge symbolizes the same enlightenment Voltaire pursued — the banishment of ignorance and prejudice. The chain that brothers form at the close of their labors represents the bond that could unite all people, if only they had the courage to tear down their walls.

The temple in which Freemasons gather is itself a powerful symbol. It refers to the Temple of Solomon, built by craftsmen of diverse backgrounds who collaborated on a single magnificent project. Voltaire would have understood this symbolism immediately. His vision of a tolerant society was likewise an edifice that could only rise through the efforts of people willing to set aside their petty differences for a greater good.

Lessons for Today

The world of 2026 faces challenges that Voltaire could scarcely have imagined. Yet his prayer remains strikingly relevant. Freemasonry offers a space where the principles of that prayer are not merely discussed but actively lived. Where Voltaire wrote about tolerance, the lodge practices it. Where the philosopher hoped for a better world, brothers work daily on their own improvement as the first step toward that world.

Several enduring principles emerge from both Voltaire’s vision and Masonic tradition. Self-reflection must precede any judgment of others. Diversity is a strength, not a threat. Tolerance demands courage, not complacency. And genuine connection arises from shared values, never from imposed uniformity.

Voltaire and Freemasonry speak in different registers, but their melody is the same. Both believe in the possibility of a humanity that transcends its divisions. Both recognize that this work begins in the heart of every individual. And both understand that the road is long, but that every step counts.

Voltaire’s prayer for tolerance and the brotherly practice of Freemasonry complement each other like two voices in a choir. The philosopher provides the words; the lodge provides the deed. Together, they remind us that tolerance is not a luxury reserved for peaceful times — it is a necessity for all times. Whoever has the courage to see a brother in his fellow human being is helping to build a temple that no wall can contain.

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Frequently Asked Questions

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The Context: Why Voltaire Wrote This Prayer

Voltaire’s Prayer for Tolerance did not emerge in a vacuum. He wrote it in direct response to the Jean Calas affair — the case of a Protestant merchant who was wrongfully convicted and executed for the alleged murder of his own son. In reality, the son had taken his own life, but religious prejudice fueled a horrific miscarriage of justice. Voltaire was so deeply shaken by this event that he launched a campaign to rehabilitate Calas and, at the same time, penned a sweeping analysis of the urgent need for tolerance.

The prayer forms the closing passage of his treatise, and its tone is remarkably personal. Where the rest of the work is argumentative and historical in nature, Voltaire shifts here to a direct invocation. He addresses a higher power — not as a dogmatist, but as a searching soul who seeks to rise above religious division. This shift in register gives the prayer its emotional force and makes it feel timeless rather than polemical.

The Core Message: Unity in Diversity

The central message of the prayer is surprisingly simple: people who differ from one another in rituals, languages, and customs all share the same humanity. Voltaire does not ask for the elimination of those differences. Instead, he pleads for mutual respect despite them. He acknowledges that human beings relate to the sacred in different ways, and insists that this should never become a reason for hatred.

Tolerance is not weakness — it is the recognition that truth is not the monopoly of any single group of people.

Voltaire uses a vivid image: people groping in darkness, all reaching toward the same light. Some approach it from one direction, others from another, but all are searching for clarity. This metaphor is particularly powerful because it emphasizes both the shared nature of the quest and the inevitable diversity of approaches. No single path holds exclusive claim to illumination.

The Concrete Examples Voltaire Uses

In his prayer, Voltaire points to the small differences that turn people into enemies. He specifically names variations in clothing, language, customs, and laws. A person who dresses differently or speaks another language is not, by that fact alone, an adversary. Voltaire criticizes the human tendency to transform such superficial differences into deep dividing lines.

Consider his reasoning applied broadly:

• Differences in religious ritual are no proof of moral inferiority.
• Language barriers often conceal a shared human condition.
• Local customs reflect adaptation to circumstance, not inherent superiority.
• Laws vary from place to place, but the longing for justice is universal.

By grounding his argument in concrete examples, Voltaire makes the case for tolerance tangible. He is not speaking in lofty abstractions. He shows how intolerance operates in everyday life — the merchant who despises another man for his accent, the believer who condemns a fellow seeker for the way he prays. Both commit the same error of thinking: they mistake surface-level variation for fundamental opposition.

Applying Eighteenth-Century Wisdom Today

How do you translate this Enlightenment-era insight into your own daily life? It starts with awareness. The next time you feel irritated by someone’s differing opinion or unfamiliar custom, ask yourself a simple question: is this truly a moral conflict, or merely a superficial variation? More often than not, you will discover that your irritation is rooted in unfamiliarity rather than in any fundamental disagreement.

A second practical step is to actively seek common ground. Voltaire’s prayer suggests that behind different outward forms, the same human desires are often at work — the desire for meaning, for connection, for justice. When you engage in conversation with someone who thinks differently, try to identify that shared longing before focusing on where you diverge.

Here are some concrete steps toward practicing tolerance:

• Listen fully before forming a judgment.
• Look for the underlying value behind a differing opinion.
• Ask about someone’s motivation, not just their position.
• Acknowledge openly when something is beyond your understanding.

The Connection to Brotherhood and Self-Improvement

Voltaire’s Prayer for Tolerance resonates deeply with traditions that place brotherhood and personal development at their center. The idea that people can come together around shared values despite their differences lies at the heart of many communities dedicated to the betterment of both the individual and society. Freemasonry, with its emphasis on meeting on the level and its tradition of welcoming men of diverse backgrounds and beliefs, exemplifies exactly this principle.

Voltaire’s text reminds us that true brotherhood does not emerge in spite of diversity, but precisely because of it. When different perspectives meet within a framework of mutual respect, the result is not dilution but enrichment. Each member brings a unique vantage point, and together they approach a fuller understanding than any one of them could achieve alone.

The practical lesson here is that tolerance is not a passive attitude. It requires active effort — the willingness to look beyond first impressions, to recognize and correct your own prejudices, and to choose connection over division, again and again. Voltaire’s prayer is not a finished statement. It is an invitation to ongoing practice, a discipline that must be renewed with every encounter.

Voltaire’s Prayer for Tolerance offers far more than historical curiosity. It is a practical guide for anyone who struggles with the question of how to live alongside people who think, believe, or live differently. The core message is clear: our differences are real but superficial; our shared humanity is fundamental. By applying this insight in your daily encounters — in your lodge, your workplace, your community — you transform abstract tolerance into concrete brotherhood. That may well be the most valuable legacy of this great Enlightenment thinker.

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Frequently Asked Questions

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The Outsider Sees Tolerance as Weakness

Let’s be honest: for many people in the eighteenth century, tolerance was seen as a sign of indifference or even cowardice. The reasoning went that anyone who took their own convictions seriously could not possibly bear others thinking radically differently. Voltaire knew this criticism all too well. In his time, religious minorities were persecuted, dissenters were banished, and books were burned. The social norm was not tolerance but conformity.

From this perspective, tolerance was suspicious. It implied that you didn’t truly believe in anything — that you lacked principles. Intolerance was often dressed up as virtue: one was simply protecting truth against error. Those who showed tolerance, it was claimed, had chosen no side and therefore had nothing meaningful to offer.

Voltaire’s Reversal: Tolerance Requires Strength

Voltaire turned this logic completely on its head. In his writings on tolerance, he argued that open-mindedness is actually the most difficult and demanding stance a person can adopt. It is easy to condemn others, to claim the monopoly on truth, and to silence dissenting voices. What truly requires courage is the recognition that your truth need not be the only truth.

Tolerance is not weakness but an act of moral courage: the willingness to examine your own certainties while leaving the other person’s dignity intact.

For Voltaire, intolerance was the hallmark of a mind afraid of inquiry, of questions, of the unknown. Tolerance, by contrast, arises when someone has developed enough self-knowledge to realize that their own insights are limited. It is not passivity but active engagement in the search for truth.

The Freemason Recognizes a Familiar Path

When we place these ideas alongside the Masonic tradition, striking parallels come into view. The lodge has always been a space where people of different religious and social backgrounds come together — not in spite of their differences, but in recognition of them. The Freemason learns that truth is not the exclusive property of any single tradition, culture, or individual.

This goes beyond polite coexistence. Masonic rituals and symbols constantly point toward the necessity of self-reflection. The rough ashlar that must be worked into a perfect cube refers to the lifelong labor of shaping one’s own character. Tolerance fits naturally within this framework as a fruit of that inner work: those who know themselves, who dare to face their own shadow, are far less inclined to pass judgment on others.

Two Perspectives, One Shared Core

What Voltaire and the Masonic tradition share is the conviction that tolerance is inseparably linked to moral growth. Both see tolerance not as an endpoint but as a starting point for deeper development. Voltaire expressed this in philosophical terms; Freemasonry embodies it through rituals and symbols.

Self-reflection: Both Voltaire and Freemasonry emphasize that tolerance begins with an honest look at yourself.
The search for truth: Both acknowledge that truth is multifaceted and cannot be imprisoned in dogma.
Brotherhood: Seeing the other as a fellow human being, regardless of origin or belief.
Light and knowledge: Enlightenment comes not from excluding others but from cultivating openness.

The Virtue in Practice

Voltaire was no armchair philosopher issuing theories without engagement in the real world. He actively championed victims of religious persecution, wrote pamphlets that put him in personal danger, and wielded his pen as a weapon against injustice. For him, tolerance was not a casual philosophy but a call to action.

The Freemason, too, is called upon not to limit his principles to the privacy of the lodge. The values cultivated there must find their way into daily life. Tolerance only becomes a true virtue when it proves itself in dealings with people who think, believe, or live in radically different ways. It is easy to be tolerant toward those who resemble us; the real test lies with those who seem foreign to us.

What Both Traditions Teach Us Today

In an age of increasing social division, when dialogue between people who disagree seems ever more difficult, both Voltaire and the Masonic tradition offer an ancient yet urgent insight. Tolerance is not capitulation, not indifference, not weakness. It is the courageous choice to accept the complexity of reality without reducing the other person to an enemy or a caricature.

The Freemason who delves into Voltaire’s work will find much that feels familiar. Both speak of an inner journey that is necessary before one can be truly tolerant. Both warn against the temptation of snap judgments and lazy certainties. And both believe that human beings are capable of moral refinement — provided they are willing to take the work on themselves seriously.

Voltaire’s vision of tolerance as a virtue and the Masonic path toward inner growth are two voices singing the same melody. Where the philosopher cast his arguments in words, the lodge speaks through symbols and rituals. But the message converges: tolerance is not a passive attitude but an active art of living, rooted in self-knowledge and directed toward connection. It is a virtue that must be practiced — daily, deliberately, and with the humility to know that the work is never finished.

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The Historical Context of Voltaire’s Plea

Voltaire wrote his reflections on tolerance against the backdrop of the Calas affair, in which a Protestant father was wrongfully convicted and executed for the alleged murder of his son. This gross miscarriage of justice, fueled by religious fanaticism, struck Voltaire to his core and became the catalyst for his passionate defense of tolerance as a moral duty. In his second essay on the topic, he moved beyond practical arguments to make a bolder claim: tolerance is not a sign of weakness but a hallmark of civilization and inner strength.

Voltaire placed his argument within a sweeping historical framework. He pointed to ancient civilizations such as the Roman Empire, where diverse religions coexisted for long periods. This tolerance did not breed chaos — it fostered stability and prosperity. Voltaire contrasted this with the religious wars that had torn Europe apart, asking pointedly why humanity seemed condemned to relearn this lesson time and again.

Tolerance as an Inner Virtue

What makes this essay particularly compelling is Voltaire’s shift from the political to the personal domain. For him, tolerance was not simply a rule for governments to enforce — it was a quality that every individual must actively cultivate. He compared it to other virtues such as justice and compassion. Just as these qualities must be practiced and developed over time, so too does tolerance demand conscious dedication.

Tolerance is not merely enduring another person despite their differences — it is recognizing their humanity through those differences.

Voltaire emphasized that true tolerance springs from humility. Those who acknowledge that their own beliefs are not infallible can approach the convictions of others with genuine openness. This does not mean abandoning your own values. It means creating space for dialogue and mutual understanding. This posture requires courage, because it is far easier to hide behind certainties than to embrace the complexity of multiple truths.

Lessons from History and Everyday Life

Voltaire supported his argument with vivid, memorable examples. He described how merchants of different faiths conducted business together in Amsterdam’s coffeehouses without religion ever becoming an obstacle. He referenced Spinoza, the philosopher who, despite his excommunication from the Jewish community, was able to continue his work in the relatively tolerant Dutch Republic. These examples demonstrate that tolerance is not only morally right but practically beneficial for any society.

At the same time, Voltaire was careful to mark the limits of tolerance. He made it clear that being tolerant does not mean accepting intolerance itself. Fanaticism that oppresses others or justifies violence deserves no protection under the guise of open-mindedness. This nuance is what makes his argument timelessly relevant, particularly in today’s debates about where the boundaries of tolerance should lie.

Voltaire and Freemasonry

Voltaire’s ideas dovetail naturally with the core values of Freemasonry. The Craft places the pursuit of truth and personal development at its center, without prescribing any specific religious doctrine. In the lodge, people from diverse backgrounds come together, united by shared principles of brotherhood and moral growth. This is tolerance put into practice.

Voltaire himself became a Freemason in the final months of his life, initiated into the Parisian lodge Les Neuf Sœurs. Whether he fully absorbed the rituals and symbolism in that brief time is uncertain. But his life’s work reflects the same spirit that animates Freemasonry: the pursuit of an enlightened society in which reason and humanity triumph over dogma and oppression.

The Building Blocks of a Tolerant Society

Voltaire’s metaphors in this essay are strikingly reminiscent of Masonic symbolism. He spoke of society as an edifice that can only stand when all its stones fit together properly. Every citizen, regardless of faith or origin, forms a stone in this greater structure. When we exclude or break stones because of their color or shape, we weaken the entire building. The roughness of individual differences should not be chiseled away — it should be incorporated into the larger design.

Several key insights emerge from Voltaire’s essay that remain as relevant as ever. Tolerance begins with self-reflection and the acknowledgment of one’s own limitations. It is an active virtue that must be practiced daily, not a passive state of indifference. A diverse society is inherently stronger than a homogeneous one. And standing firm against fanaticism is not a contradiction of tolerance — it is its necessary companion.

These insights offer a compass for anyone wrestling with the question of how to navigate difference in a polarized world. Voltaire challenges us to look beyond our first reaction, to see the person behind the conviction. That is not naivety — it is wisdom that has endured across generations.

Voltaire’s second essay on tolerance is far more than a historical document. It is an invitation to examine your own attitude toward difference. Tolerance as a virtue demands daily practice — the repeated choice of openness over fear. In an era when division often speaks louder than connection, Voltaire reminds us that the true strength of a society lies in its capacity to make room for everyone. For Freemasons and thoughtful individuals alike, his words remain a powerful call to build — stone by stone — a world worthy of the Enlightenment ideals he championed.

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The Tragic Heart of the Calas Affair

In 1761, the Protestant merchant Jean Calas of Toulouse discovered his son Marc-Antoine dead in the family home. The young man had hanged himself. What followed was not a search for truth but a hysterical wave of accusations. The local population, saturated with religious tension between Catholics and Protestants, quickly concluded that the father had murdered his son to prevent him from converting to Catholicism. Without credible evidence, Jean Calas was tortured and publicly executed on the breaking wheel in March 1762.

Voltaire first heard about the case through friends and was initially uncertain about Calas’s guilt. But as he gathered more testimonies and studied the facts, his conviction grew that this was a monstrous miscarriage of justice. The Calas family had not been condemned on the basis of evidence but on the basis of collective prejudice. That realization became the fuel for his famous treatise.

Voltaire’s Central Argument

The opening section of Voltaire’s work on tolerance meticulously reconstructs the events and dissects the logical failures that led to the conviction. His central thesis is clear: religious fanaticism blinds people to both reason and justice. When faith becomes entangled with the exercise of power, when conviction transforms into persecution, humanity drains from judgment. Voltaire writes with the precision of an investigator and the passion of an advocate pleading on behalf of the dead.

Tolerance is the recognition that others have as much right to their convictions as we have to our own.

This idea forms the philosophical foundation of the entire work. Voltaire argues that tolerance is not a sign of weakness but a hallmark of civilization. A society that destroys those who think differently ultimately destroys itself. He draws parallels with other countries and historical periods in which tolerance led to prosperity, while persecution brought only decline.

The Evidence and the Appeal to Reason

Voltaire presents his arguments as a philosopher inviting the reader to think critically. He catalogues the factual inconsistencies: the absence of witnesses, the implausibility of the alleged motive, the haste with which the verdict was carried out. But above all, he asks the reader to step back and consider a disquieting question. Can it truly be that an entire population allowed itself to be swept along by rumor and fear? The answer, unfortunately, is yes — and it is precisely that acknowledgment that makes tolerance so urgent.

The essay is no abstract treatise. Voltaire names people, dates, and places. He refuses to anonymize the events because it is the concrete suffering of real human beings that transforms the abstract idea of tolerance into an imperative. Jean Calas is not a symbol. He is a father who died because he belonged to the wrong church.

Resonance with Freemasonry

The themes Voltaire addresses speak directly to the values Freemasonry holds central. The Craft has traditionally drawn no distinctions based on religious background. In the lodge, people of different faiths meet as equals, united by a shared pursuit of truth and self-improvement. Tolerance is not a peripheral virtue in Masonic life — it is a foundational stone upon which the entire edifice rests.

Voltaire himself maintained close ties with Freemasons and was initiated into the Parisian lodge Les Neuf Sœurs shortly before his death in 1778. His ideas about tolerance and reason were inseparable from the Enlightenment ideals that circulated within the lodges of his era. The Calas affair thus became not only a legal cause but a moral litmus test for an entire age — one that Masonic thinkers took deeply to heart.

The Enduring Relevance of Voltaire’s Plea

What makes this work still essential reading more than 250 years after it was written? Voltaire demonstrates how rapidly a society can slide into injustice when fear displaces reason. He shows that justice is never neutral when it is saturated with bias. And he reminds us that tolerance is not a passive attitude but an active resistance against the impulses that drive us toward exclusion.

The Calas affair illustrates the dangers of collective prejudice. Voltaire champions tolerance as a defining feature of civilization. Reason and empathy must prevail over fanaticism. And Freemasonry shares these Enlightenment values at the very core of its tradition.

Voltaire’s treatise is not a historical curiosity. It is a warning that must be read anew by every generation. The mechanisms of exclusion and condemnation change their outward form, but their roots remain recognizable. In every era, there are Calas affairs — sometimes loud, sometimes silent. The question is whether we have the courage to recognize them before it is too late.

Voltaire’s analysis of the Calas affair transcends historical reconstruction. It is a philosophical call to vigilance. Tolerance demands continuous effort — a willingness to measure our own convictions against the rights of others. For Freemasons, who have elevated this effort into ritual practice, the treatise remains an enduring source of inspiration. But perhaps the most pressing question Voltaire poses is this: in which case of our own time are we allowing prejudice to triumph, and what are we going to do about it?

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Texts are based on the ideas and content of the author of devrijmetselaar.nl, reviewed, corrected, and supplemented with the assistance of OpenAI. Images are created based on the ideas of the author of devrijmetselaar.nl using OpenAI/DALL-E.

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